Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids
In 1869, Freidrich Mescher discovered a specific organic material from the nucleus of pus cells, first called nuclein and later nucleic acid Given the complexity of the protein molecule, it was previously believed that protein molecule, it was previously believed that protein is the unit of genetic transmission, but in 1944 Avery, McLoud, and McCarty proved that nucleic acids are the genetic material that carry the symptoms to the next generation.
There are two types of nucleic acids -
(i) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and
(ii) Ribonucleric acid (RNA).
(i) Deoxyribounucleic acid - DNA
Chemical organization and molecular structure of DNA :- Chemical analysis has revealed that the DNA molecule is made up of a group of three tyeps of molecules-
(i) Phosphate group
(ii) 5 - C sugars called deoxy ribose and
(iii) Nitrogenous base
(i) Each DNA molecule is a spiral generation composed of two polynucleo tides or polymer molecules. It is some right and rotates from its axis.
(ii) Its outer spine or strands are made up of deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups.
(iii) The nitrogenous alkali is found in the Serial form in the strands. Among these, thiamine (T) with adenine (A) is bonded to guanine (G) by bonding of hydrogen and cytosine (C) by a triplet of hydrogen.
(iv) During replication of DNA, both strands are depolarized.
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